Acceptance Sampling: AQL, LTPD and Risk

A sampling plan is defined by sample size n and acceptance number c. Its operating-characteristic curve shows the probability of accepting lots at different defect rates. AQL and LTPD are design points on that curve.

Technical publication review required before indexing · Draft reviewed 13 August 2026

Engineering workflow

  1. Define producer and consumer protection explicitly.
  2. Form lots consistently and sample randomly.
  3. Use the controlled standard when claiming ISO 2859-1 or ANSI/ASQ Z1.4 compliance.
  4. Apply switching and inspection rules where required.
  5. Keep acceptance sampling separate from process control.

Worked example

A plan may be required to accept a 1% defective lot at least 95% of the time while accepting a 5% defective lot no more than 10% of the time. The calculator searches n and c that satisfy both binomial conditions.

Design a binomial sampling plan

Limitations and checks

  • AQL is not a guaranteed maximum defect level in every accepted lot.
  • Finite-lot and hypergeometric effects are not included in the simplified tool.

Relevant AccuTouch next step

Use the calculation as a screening input, then confirm the actual gauge, fixture, software or automation configuration.

Discuss an inspection workflow

References